What is the working principle of a vane motor(pneumatic air motor)?

A pneumatic actuator that converts the pressure energy of compressed gas into mechanical energy and generates rotational motion in pneumatic transmission. The commonly used air pneumatic motor is a positive displacement pneumatic air motor, which uses the volume change of the working chamber to work. It is divided into blade type, piston type, and gear type.

A pneumatic air motor is a device that converts the pressure energy of compressed air into rotational mechanical energy. Its function is equivalent to that of an electric motor or a hydraulic motor, that is, it outputs torque to drive the mechanism for rotational motion.

The main difference between a pneumatic air motor and an electric motor (or motor) is:

1. Small size can generate high power.

2. High adaptability, small temperature rise, speed can change with load, until overload shutdown without any damage to the pneumatic motor, so a lower safety factor can be considered when selecting.

3. Emergency start and emergency stop, are especially suitable for frequent start occasions, and reversing is very easy.

4. Simple step-less speed regulation, from zero to maximum, flexible operation.

5. High torque pneumatic motor with large starting torque, can start with load. 

6. Simple structure, pneumatic air motor has a particularly long service life.

7. Not affected by the external environment, even in harsh environments such as water, dust, humidity, and dirt, because the internal pressure of the air pneumatic motor is greater than the external pressure when it is running.

8. Safe and explosion-proof, pneumatic motors do not produce sparks, overheating, explosions, short circuits (electricity) and other dangerous factors, especially suitable for environments with flammable and explosive substances or high temperatures, such as stirring solvents, paints, chemicals, etc.

The above points are the main advantages of air pneumatic motors over electric motors and are also why they are adopted in many industrial fields. The disadvantages of pneumatic air motors are: low output power, high gas consumption, low efficiency, high noise, and easy vibration.

pneumatic air motor , air pneumatic motor

high torque pneumatic motor

Basic Characteristics
The pneumatic air motor is a prime mover with compressed air as the working medium. It is a power device that expands compressed gas to convert pressure energy into mechanical energy.

Although various types of pneumatic motors have different structures and working principles, most pneumatic motors have the following characteristics:

1. The speed can be adjusted steplessly. As long as the opening of the inlet valve or the exhaust valve is controlled, the flow of compressed air is controlled, and the output power and speed of the motor can be adjusted. The purpose of adjusting the speed and power can be achieved.

2. It can rotate forward and reverse. Most air motors can realize the forward and reverse rotation of the air motor output shaft, which can be reversed instantly by simply using the control valve to change the direction of the motor intake and exhaust. The impact is minimal when switching between forward and reverse directions. One of the main advantages of the air motor reversing work is that it can reach full speed almost instantly. The vane air motor can reach full speed in one and a half seconds; the piston air motor can reach full speed in less than one second. By changing the intake direction with the control valve, forward and reverse rotation can be achieved. The time to achieve forward and reverse rotation is short, the speed is fast, the impact is small, and there is no need to unload the load.

3. It is safe to work, not affected by vibration, high temperature, electromagnetic, radiation, etc. It is suitable for harsh working environments and can work normally under adverse conditions such as flammable, explosive, high temperature, vibration, humidity, dust, etc.

4. It has an overload protection function and will not fail due to overload. When overloaded, the motor only reduces or stops. When the overload is removed, it can immediately resume normal operation without causing mechanical damage and other failures. It can run continuously at full load for a long time with low temperature rise.

5. It has a high starting torque and can start directly with load. It can start and stop quickly. It can start with load. It can start and stop quickly.

6. The power range and speed range are wide. The power ranges from a few hundred watts to tens of thousands of watts; the speed can range from zero to 10,000 revolutions per minute.

7. It is easy to operate and maintain. The air motor has a simple structure, small size, light weight, high horsepower, easy operation, and maintenance.

8. Using air as the medium, there is no difficulty in supply. The used air does not need to be processed and is released into the atmosphere without pollution. Compressed air can be centrally supplied and transported over long distances.
Because the air motor has the above characteristics, it can work in harsh environments such as humidity, high temperature, and high dust. In addition to being used as power in rock drilling, drilling, loading and other equipment in mining machinery, it is also widely used in shipbuilding, metallurgy, chemical industry, papermaking and other industries.

Features Include:
1) Variable speed, variable speed.
2) Explosion-proof – no sparks; no static electricity.
3) No heat during operation.
4) Will not burn out.
5) Can be rotated in both forward and reverse directions.

Advantages and Disadvantages
Compared with electric motors that perform the same function, pneumatic motors are characterized by light outer shells and convenient transportation; and because their working medium is air, there is no need to worry about causing fires; pneumatic motors can automatically stop when overloaded and maintain a balanced state with the supply pressure. Due to the above characteristics, pneumatic motors are widely used in mining machinery, flammable and explosive liquids, and pneumatic tools.
Compared with hydraulic motors:

Advantages of air pneumatic motor
(1) Safe operation, explosion-proof performance, and not affected by high temperature and vibration;
(2) Can work at full load for a long time with a small temperature rise;
(3) Wide power range and speed range, ranging from a few hundred watts to tens of thousands of watts; speed can range from a few revolutions per minute to tens of thousands of revolutions per minute.
(4) Has a high starting torque. Can start with load;
(5) Simple structure, easy operation, easy maintenance, low cost

Disadvantages
(1) Poor speed stability;
(2) Low output power, low efficiency, high gas consumption;
(3) High noise, easy to vibrate.

Pneumatic Motor Speed Reducer
There are many series of Pneumatic motors with speed reducers such as inline helical gear speed reducers with pneumatic motors, worm gear reducers with pneumatic motors, and cycloidal gear reducers with pneumatic air motor.

 
Pneumatic Motor with Aluminum Case Worm Speed Reducer Pneumatic Motor with Iron Case Worm Speed Reducer  ▼ Pneumatic Motor with Cycloidal  Gear Reducer
Pneumatic Motor with Aluminum Case Worm Speed Reducer Pneumatic Motor with Iron Case Worm Speed Reducer
Pneumatic Motor with Co-axial Helical Speed Reducer Pneumatic Motor with small inline Speed Reducer Pneumatic Motor with Micro Helical Speed Reducer
Pneumatic Motor with Co-axial Helical Speed Reducer

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